Fig. 6.

Attractiveness of manipulated odor bouquets assayed in behavioral experiments with patrolling males of C. cunicularius in the field. The bars show the mean (± SE) number of inspecting flights (empty bars) and contacts (filled bars) of the male bees with a dummy during 3-min behavioral bioassays. Extracts of virgin female bees with increased ratios of the key odor compounds [(Z)-7-C21, (Z)-7-C23, and (Z)-7-C25] are significantly more attractive than the natural, nonmanipulated samples. Mann–Whitney U test (α = 0.05), different letters on top of error bars indicate significant differences in attractiveness; the numbers of replicates are listed under the columns.