Figure 3.

NS2 interferes with the CRM1 export pathway. (A) NS2 inhibits the cytoplasmic localization of NFκB. L929 cells were transfected with GFP-NS2 or GFP-NS2^AAAA and stained for NFκB. (B) Boxplots summarizing quantifications of NFκB subcellular distribution shown in (A). p value from Mann-Whitney test. (C) NS2 inhibits export of Nmd3. HeLa cells expressing Nmd3-GFP alone (right) Nmd3-GFP and untagged NS2 (middle), or Nmd3-GFP and untagged NS2^AAAA (right). NS2 was detected with NS2 antibodies. (D) Exogenously expressed supraNES cannot rescue the defect in viral propagation of MVMNES22. A9 cells (n = 10⁵) were transfected with either wild-type pdBMVp or pdBMV-NES22 (NES22) and cotransfected with either GFP or GFP-NS2-NES. After 48 h the extracellular virus pool was titered by a plaque assay using NB324K cells. Y-axis shows the plaque forming units (PFU). Infection with MVM-NES22 yielded microplaques. Error bars, SEs from independent experiments.