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Activation of Akt (A) and JNK (B) signaling cascades in SSc and normal lung fibroblasts. Fibroblasts were treated with recombinant IGF-II (200 ng/ml) for 1 to 60 minutes or media alone (0 minutes). A: Both SSc and normal fibroblasts show peak activation of Akt and GSK-3β within 5 minutes of IGF-II stimulation. B: SAPK/JNK and c-Jun also show activation within 5 to 10 minutes after IGF-II stimulation.
