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Model of glucose transport regulation by the Akt/TSC pathway. Growth factors (eg, insulin) and energy substrate availability (eg, glucose) regulate TSC1/TSC2 activity through Akt and AMPK, respectively to modulate mTOR function in promoting HIF1α protein synthesis and the activity of CLIP170 on microtubule plus-end growth. Akt and AMPK further regulate trafficking of hexose transporters such as Glut4 via the AS160/Rab pathway.
