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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Surgery. 2008 Feb;143(2):168–171. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2007.11.004

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Academic medical centers have expertise in basic sciences, technology, and clinical medicine. This contrasts university-based innovation in medicine in which only basic sciences and technology are represented. The consumer must be recruited to explore opportunities to develop the innovative phase.