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Synergy of HLA-KIR (human leucocyte antigen-killer immunoglobulin receptor) compound genotypes and duality between autoimmunity and infection. The general paradigm for HLA-KIR epistasis based on current disease association studies. Different HLA-KIR combinations provide different levels of activation and inhibition of NK (natural killer) and T cells resulting in differing susceptibility and protection against infection and autoimmunity.
