P4 and E2 alter the antioxidant profile of brain mitochondria. Whole-brain mitochondria were isolated 24 h after in vivo exposure to E2 (30 μg/kg), P4 (30 μg/kg), E2/P4, or sesame oil vehicle control treatment. Expression of the mitochondrial antioxidant proteins MnSOD (A) and peroxiredoxin V (B) were measured using Western blot analysis. The bars represent mean ± sem from four animals per group. *, P < 0.05 compared with control; **, P < 0.01 compared with control; n = 4.