Table 1.

Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers Based on a Systematic Literature Review^*

Reference	Age	LOS	Incontinence	Impaired mobility	Low Weight	Nutrition	Diabetes	Cognitive Impairment†	Functional Impairment	Other
13				X				X		Previous pressure ulcers
14	X	X		X				X		Cardiovascular disease or sepsis
15		X				X	X			Anemia
16	X		X	X				X
17	X				X	X			X	Female
18	X	X								Surgery
19				X		X		X		Male, moisture, friction
20			X	X	X					White, fecal incontinence, admitted from hospital
21	X			X	X	X			X	Male, poor physical condition
22	X					X	X	X		Medical conditions
23	X			X		X				Emergent admission
24				X	X					Nonblanchable erythema, dry skin, lymphopenia
25	X			X		X		X		Hypotension, fever

^*Literature review from January 1990–December 2005.

^†Cognitive impairment includes decreased sensory perception.

Shaded area=shared risk factors across geriatric syndromes.