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. 2005 Sep;1(3):193–204.

Table 1.

Core characteristics of schizophrenia

  • Delusions

    • - Persecutory

    • - Referential

    • - Guilt

    • - Religious

    • - Nihilism

    • - Somatic

    • - Bizarre

  • Hallucinations

    • - Auditory

    • - Visual

    • - Somatic

    • - Olfactory

    • Thought disorder

    • - Loosening of association

    • - Neologisms

    • - Word salad

  • Negative symptoms

    • - Apathy

    • - Avolition

    • - Amotivation

    • - Neglect

    • - Alogia

  • Cognitive impairment

    • - Memory

    • - Attention and concentration

  • Impairment of insight into illness

  • Functional impairment

    • - Vocational

    • - Social

    • - Interpersonal

NOTE: There is no single, pathognomonic feature of schizophrenia. The constellation of symptoms is otherwise not attributable to mood disorder, substance abuse, or any organic brain disorder.