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Survival of naïve young mice challenged with 108 cells of S. pneumoniae T14 suspended in PBS containing 10% of pooled sera from adult (A) or young (B) mice nasally immunized with recombinant L. lactis expressing the PppA protein on its surface (L. lactis PppA+). Naïve young mice challenged with S. pneumoniae opsonized with the pooled sera from adult (A) or young (B) mice immunized with noninduced L. lactis (L. lactis PppA) or PBS were used as controls.
