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. 2008 Jan;212(1):1–11. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00833.x

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© 2007 The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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Fig. 7 — Neural crest cells are found in the atrioventricular cushions. (A,B) Neural crest cells are found as isolated cells in the atrioventricular cushions at E11.5 (arrow) and are more abundant by E12.5 (arrows). (C,D) Neural crest cells are more abundant in the atrioventricular cushions by E13.5 and E14.5, with many appearing in the endocardial region of the developing valves and the fusion seams between the cushions. (E,F) At E17.5, neural crest cells are seen within the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves (blue arrows) as well as some cells being seen within the interventricular septum, close to the septal crest (red arrows). The aortic outflow is marked by an arrow in E. Ao, aorta; AVC, atrioventricular cushion (i = inferior, s = superior); IVS, interventricular septum; LV, left ventricle; MV, mitral valve; PAS, primary atrial septum; PT, pulmonary trunk; TVL, tricuspid valve leaflet.