TABLE 4.
Exploring the difference in the association between hypertension at baseline and the risk of disability by age, race, gender, body mass index and comorbidities
| Outcome | Hazard Ratio* | 95% confidence interval |
|---|---|---|
| Age (reference are those younger than 75) | ||
| Nagi scale | 0.73 | (0.46–1.14) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 0.67 | (0.43–1.02) |
| Katz ADL scale | 0.73 | (0.45–1.18) |
| Gender (men were reference) | ||
| Nagi scale | 1.28 | (0.87–1.88) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 1.80 | (1.22–2.66) |
| Katz ADL scale | 1.99 | (1.26–3.17) |
| Race (whites were reference) | ||
| Nagi scale | 1.28 | (0.86–1.93) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 1.08 | (0.72–1.62) |
| Katz ADL scale | 1.24 | (0.76–2.02) |
| Obesity (less than 25 BMI as reference) | ||
| Nagi scale | 0.49 | (0.17–1.42) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 0.19 | (0.07–0.52) |
| Katz ADL scale | 0.41 | (0.12–1.41) |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||
| Nagi scale | 0.81 | (0.50–1.32) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 0.87 | (0.54–1.42) |
| Katz ADL scale | 0.83 | (0.46–1.47) |
| Diabetes Mellitus | ||
| Nagi scale | 1.25 | (0.77–2.03) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 1.37 | (0.83–2.28) |
| Katz ADL scale | 1.27 | (0.72–2.23) |
| Arthritis/Pain | ||
| Nagi scale | 1.08 | (0.74–1.58) |
| Rosow-Breslaw scale | 1.14 | (0.77–1.67) |
| Katz ADL scale | 1.21 | (0.77–1.90) |
CVD: Cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, or peripheral vascular disease). ADL: activities of daily living
*
: These Hazard Ratios are testing the hypothesis that there is a difference in the association between hypertension and disability risk by the corresponding subgroup. It calculates the additional risk in that subgroup compared to the reference group. For example, the risk of disability based on the Rosow-Breslaw scale associated with hypertension in women is 1.8 times that in men.