Comparison of solution accuracy between ASTFEM (red dots) and fam (blue stars) to a high-density reference solution with N = 10,000 (black line) for the system described in the text in Example 2. Shown here is the solution for the case koff = 10−4 at times t = 732 s, 1023 s, and 1314 s. In addition to significant deviations in the boundary shape, oscillations are apparent near the baseline for fam, while the ASTFEM solution faithfully reproduces the high-density reference solution.