Table 6.

Hierarchical Linear Modeling Analysis Results: Parameter Estimates and Model Fit for Substance Use Over Time for Treatment-as-Usual Group

	Unconditional		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Fixed effects	Coef.	t-value	Coef.	t-value	Coef.	t-value	Coef.	t-value
Intercept	37.12	14.11***	48.33	12.48***	48.98	13.77***	48.98	14.32***
Treatment factors
Consequences					.23	ns	.20	ns
Number of drug				24.05	5.23***	38.50	5.51***
Slope (time)			−4.48	−3.38***	−4.93	−3.35***	−4.93	−3.56***
Treatment factors
Number of diagnoses							−.05	ns
Number of drugs							−8.22	−3.14**
Family factors
Cohesion							−.20	ns
Random effects	Variance Component	χ2	Variance Component	χ2	Variance Component	χ2	Variance Component	χ2
Intercept	517.22	388.10***	692.84	182.21***	224.40	104.21**	178.62	98.69
Slope			78.61	169.66**	69.61	134.80**	55.72	121.31**
Level 1	698.89		537.53		558.26		557.46

ns = not significant

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.