Table 4.
Association [coefficients per increase in IQR (95% CI)] between exhaled NO, IL-8, pH of EBC, and lung function and air pollutants in nonasthmatic children living in Mexico City, 2003–2005.
| Variablea | PM2.5 (μg/m3) | NO2 (ppb) | O3 (ppb) |
|---|---|---|---|
| FeNOa (ppb) | 0.89 (0.78 to 1.01)* | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.23)* | 1.11 (0.92 to 1.33)* |
| IL-8a (pg/mL) | 1.16 (1.00 to 1.36)** | 1.15 (1.01 to 1.32)** | 1.19 (1.00 to 1.45)* |
| pH_EBCa | −0.05 (−0.14 to 0.04) | 0.01 (−0.07 to 0.09) | −0.07 (−0.20 to 0.05) |
| FEV1b (mL) | −21.0 (−42.3 to 0.38)* | −6.73 (−22.0 to 8.52) | −21.3 (−66.5 to 23.9) |
| FVCb (mL) | −29.0 (−52.8 to −4.35)** | −9.51 (−27.0 to 7.97) | −23.6 (−75.0 to 28.1) |
| FEV25 –75b (mL) | −20.0 (−69.0 to 29.0) | −12.1 (−47.0 to 22.7) | −14.5 (−118.7 to 89.5) |
Coefficient was calculated for an IQR of pollutants: 17.5 μg/m3 for, PM2.5, 13.4 ppb for NO2, and 22 ppb for O3. Lung function models: n = 50 and 591 measurements. Inflammatory marker models: n = 50 and 302 FeNO measurements, n = 45 and 285 IL-8 measurements and n = 44 and 201 measurements of pH in EBC.
Same day exposure: 8-hr moving averages for PM2.5 (μg/m3), NO2 (ppb), and O3 (ppb). Inflammatory marker models were adjusted for sex, body mass index, previous day minimum temperature and chronological time.
Five-day accumulated average (maximum) PM2.5 (μg/m3), 4-day accumulated average (maximum) NO2 (ppb), and 5-day accumulated moving average O3 (ppb). Lung function models were adjusted for sex, body mass index, previous day minimum temperature and chronological time.
p > 0.05, < 0.08.
p < 0.05.