Table 1.

Summary of 22 of 99 Anatomical Regions That Show Significant Difference on Normalized Mean Regional Brain Volume Between AIS Subjects and Matched Controls With P ≤ 0.01 Based on Analysis of Variance Test

Brain region	Relationship to normal controls	Normalized ratio in AIS	Normalized ratio in controls	P values (2-tailed)
L superior frontal gyrus	Larger	0.00698	0.00553	0.002
L medial frontal gyrus	Larger	0.00837	0.00734	0.010
L lateral fronto-orbital gyrus	Larger	0.10082	0.00838	<0.001
L postcentral gyrus	Larger	0.00800	0.00648	0.003
L thalamus	Larger	0.00474	0.00366	0.007
L frontal lobe white matter	Larger	0.61622	0.52719	0.004
L parietal lobe white matter	Larger	0.31811	0.26265	0.002
L temporal lobe white matter	Larger	0.41556	0.33505	<0.001
L hippocampus	Smaller	0.00169	0.00252	0.002
R anterior limb, internal capsule	Smaller	0.00172	0.00230	0.007
R posterior limb, internal capsule and cerebral peduncle	Smaller	0.00106	0.00151	0.001
R caudate nucleus	Smaller	0.00142	0.00185	0.005
Right temporal pole	Smaller	0.00264	0.00455	<0.001
L inferior occipital gyrus	Smaller	0.00213	0.00308	0.003
L middle occipital gyrus	Smaller	0.00207	0.00314	<0.001
L amygdala	Smaller	0.00032	0.00053	<0.001
R perirhinal	Smaller	0.00104	0.00198	<0.001
L perirhinal	Smaller	0.00082	0.00163	<0.001
R precuneus	Smaller	0.00173	0.00212	0.010
L precuneus	Smaller	0.00145	0.00200	0.002
Corpus callosum	Larger	0.00761	0.00563	<0.001
Brainstem	Larger	0.20844	0.17874	0.005

AIS, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; L, left; R, right.