Table 5.

Data from Clinical Trials of Humans Treated with Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists to Relief Chronic Cancer Pain

References	Treatment	Results and Remarks
Noyes et al., 1975 [114]	n=10 - placebo and THC 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg p.o. Each patients all treatments	Double blind placebo-controlled trial (preliminary). Analgesic effect of THC at high doses (15 and 20 mg), significantly superior than placebo. At these doses, substantial sedation and mental clouding. No nausea or emesis. Increased appetite in some patients.
Noyes et al., 1975 [113]	n=36 - placebo - THC 10 or 20 mg p.o. - codeine 60 or 120 mg p.o.	Mild analgesic effect of THC. At 20 mg THC (similar to 120 mg codeine) induced side effects that would prohibit its therapeutic use, including somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, and blurred vision; and even some alarming adverse reactions. At 10 mg THC (similar to 60 mg codeine): analgesic potential; well tolerated, sedative effect.
Jochimsen et al., 1978 [73]	n=35 - placebo - benzopyranoperidine (2 or 4 mg) p.o. - codeine sulfate (60 or 120 mg) p.o.	Double-blind, 5-way crossover designed study. Significant analgesic relief with 120 mg of codeine, but no differences between placebo and benzopyranopyridine (analogue of THC). Pain perception even appeared to be augmented by both doses of benzopyranopyridine.
Staquet et al., 1978 [150]	NIB (nitrogen analogue of THC) 1 mg p.o. - Trial I: NIB vs. codeine - Trial II: NIB vs. secobarbital - Placebo (trials I and II)	Two consecutive, randomised, double-blind trials. Evaluation of mild, moderate, and severe pain. Trial I: NIB superior to placebo and equivalent to 50 mg of codeine. Trial II: NIB superior to placebo and to 50 mg secobarbital (a short-acting barbiturate). However, NIB is not useful clinically because of the frequency of side effects.