Fig. 4.

Impact of complement 5a receptor (C5aR) targeting on ischaemia reperfusion injury-induced C5aR expression and tissue inflammation. (a–c) C5aR expression in transplanted (left panels) and non-transplanted kidneys (right panels). (a) 30 min cold ischaemia (CI). Black arrows indicate C5aR positive macrophages; white arrows indicate C5aR positive tubular epithelial cells. (b) 2 h CI without C5aRA. (c) 2 h CI in the presence of C5aRA. Figures are reduced from an original magnification of 20×. (d) C5aR; (e) tumour necrosis factor-α; and (f) macrophage inflammatory protein-2/CXCL2 mRNA expression levels, quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction in transplanted (left panel) and non-transplanted (right panel) kidneys respectively. The mRNA expression between the indicated treatment groups was compared. All values were determined 72 h post-transplantation (n = 6–12).