Table 1.

Genes Involved in Parkinson’s Disease

Gene	Chromosome Locus	Gene Product	Age Onset	Clinical Features	Reference
PARK1	4q21-q23	α-synuclein	Late	Rapid progression, tremor uncommon	[242]
PARK2	6q25-q27	parkin	Early/Juvanile	Slow progression, dystonia or dyskinesia	[156]
PARK3	2p13	-	Late	Cognitive decline	[156]
PARK4	4p15	α-synuclein	Late	Postural tremor; dementia with weight loss	[242]
PARK5	4p14	UCHL1	Late	Similar to idiopathic PD	[153]
PARK6	1p35-p36	PINK1	Early	Slow progression, tremor at rest	[223]
PARK7	1p36	DJ-1	Early	Focal dystonia, psychiatric symptoms	[45]
PARK8	12p11.2-q13.1	LRRK-2	Late	Similar to idiopathic PD	[222]
PARK10	1p32(Icelandic)	-	Late	Similar to idiopathic PD	[108]
PARK11	2q(USA)	-	Late	Similar to idiopathic PD	[200]