Table 4.
The influence of total and free estradiol on racial and ethnic differences in hip BMD
| Percent difference in BMDa
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Black vs. white | Black vs. Hispanic | Hispanic vs. white | |
| Femoral neck BMD | |||
| Model 1 (without estradiol and body composition) | 11.4 | 8.3 | 2.8 |
| Model 2 (with total estradiol; no body composition) | 11.4 | 8.2 | 3.0 |
| Model 3 (with total estradiol and body composition) | 11.2 | 4.6 | 6.4 |
| Model 4 (with free estradiol; no body composition) | 11.6 | 8.5 | 2.9 |
| Model 5 (with free estradiol and body composition) | 11.4 | 4.8 | 6.3 |
| Total hip BMD | |||
| Model 1 (without estradiol and body composition) | 8.9 | 7.2 | 1.6 |
| Model 2 (with total estradiol; no body composition) | 8.8 | 7.1 | 1.6 |
| Model 3 (with total estradiol and body composition) | 8.6 | 3.2 | 5.3 |
| Model 4 (with free estradiol; no body composition) | 9.0 | 7.3 | 1.6 |
| Model 5 (with free estradiol and body composition) | 8.7 | 3.3 | 5.2 |
All estimates weighted according to sampling design (see Subjects and Methods).
a
All multivariate regression models included physical activity centered at its mean, age centered at 50 yr, and smoking pack years and self-rated health as ordinal variables. Measures of body composition (lean and fat mass) were also centered at their means. As a result, percent differences reported are for hypothetical men with the following characteristics: lean mass (50 kg), fat mass (20 kg), PASE score (175), those who have never smoked and in excellent health, and age (50 yr).