HGF inhibits renal infiltration of inflammatory CD3-positive T cells. A–E: Immunohistochemical staining revealed an increased infiltration of CD3-positive T cells in the obstructed kidney at 7 (B) and 14 (D) days, respectively, after UUO, compared with sham control (A). Delivery of HGF gene effectively inhibited the infiltration of T cells in the obstructed kidneys at 7 (C) and 14 (E) days after UUO, respectively, as indicated. F: Graphic presentations of quantitative data are given. Data were presented as mean ± SEM of five animals per group (n = 5). *P < 0.01 versus sham control. †P < 0.01 versus pcDNA3. Scale bar = 20 μm.