Table 1.

Summary of simulation results and sensitivity analysis

Pumping scenario	Domestic well depth, m	Pumping rate	Kh, m/s	Kh/Kv	Primary criteria		Secondary criterion
					As safe, %*	Long travel time, %†	Low lift, %‡
Pumping strategy variation
Predevelopment	175§	—	5 × 10−4	104	60	94	100
Predevelopment	225§	—	5 × 10−4	104	64	94	100
Shallow	10–50	Base case	5 × 10−4	104	0.5	0	78
Deep	150–200	Base case	5 × 10−4	104	13	7	30
Split	150–200	Base case	5 × 10−4	104	42	84	71
Deep	200–250	Base case	5 × 10−4	104	17	13	18
Split	200–250	Base case	5 × 10−4	104	45	90	73
Split	110–150	Base case	5 × 10−4	104	34	54	71
Parameter variation
Split	150–200	Base case	5 × 10−4	103	24	47	100
Split	150–200	Base case	5 × 10−4	105	21	90	0
Split	150–200	Base case	5 × 10−3	104	65	49	100
Split	150–200	Base case	8 × 10−4	1.6 × 103	50	81	96
Split	150–200	Base case	2 × 10−4	2 × 104	22	87	0
Split	150–200	Base case	8 × 10−4	8 × 104	28	90	0
Split	150–200	Base case	2 × 10−4	2.2 × 103	29	76	98
Split	150–200	Base case	8 × 10−4	103	49	77	99
Split	200–250	Base case	5 × 10−4	103	24	58	100
Split	200–250	Base case	5 × 10−4	105	25	94	0
Pumping rate variation
Split	150–200	Half-domestic	5 × 10−4	104	42	89	76
Split	150–200	Double-domestic	5 × 10−4	104	37	59	60
Split	150–200	Half-irrigation	5 × 10−4	104	49	88	99
Split	150–200	Double-irrigation	5 × 10−4	104	31	63	35
Deep	150–200	No irrigation	5 × 10−4	104	50	90	100

Percentage of area within the high-arsenic region for which:

*Sustainability criterion: recharge locations for wells are outside of the region.

^†Travel time criterion: water takes >1,000 years after recharging to reach wells.

^‡Lift criterion: there is an acceptable lift (<12 m) in the domestic well zone.

^§Maximum depth at end of flow path.