Table 1.
Mean (± SEM) fasting physical characteristics of the total sample and among those without and with the metabolic syndrome *
| Metabolic Syndrome | |||
| Variable | Total Sample (n = 46) | Without (n = 28) | With (n = 18) |
| Age (yr) | 44.3 ± 1.3 | 45.0 ± 1.8 | 43.2 ± 2.1 |
| Maximum Oxygen Consumption (ml·kg-1·min-1) | 30.7 ± 0.9 | 30.7 ± 1.1 | 30.6 ± 1.5 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 29.5 ± 0.7 | 29.0 ± 1.1 | 30.4 ± 0.6 |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 102.4 ± 2.1 | 100.7 ± 3.1 | 105.0 ± 2.5 |
| Awake Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)** | 145.5 ± 1.6 | 145.6 ± 2.2 | 145.4 ± 2.4 |
| Awake Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 86.3 ± 1.2 | 86.9 ± 1.6 | 85.3 ± 1.3 |
| Insulin (pmol·L-1) | 80.0 ± 8.7 | 59.5 ± 7.0† | 111.8 ± 17.1 |
| Glucose(mmol·L-1) | 4.5 ± 0.1 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 4.6 ± 0.1 |
| Homeostasis Model Assessment | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.2† | 3.3 ± 0.6 |
| Total Cholesterol (TCHOL) (mmol·L-1) | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 5.1 ± 0.3 |
| High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (mmol·L-1) | 1.10 ± 0.03 | 1.21 ± 0.04‡ | 0.93 ± 0.03 |
| Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (mmol·L-1) | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.3 |
| Total Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Ratio (U) | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 4.2 ± 0.2‡ | 5.4 ± 0.2 |
| Triglycerides (mmol·L-1) | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.1‡ | 2.4 ± 0.3 |
* National Cholesterol Education metabolic syndrome diagnosis is established when three of five criteria are present [2]. The fasting criteria include: waist circumference > 102 cm; triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol·L-1; high density lipoprotein-cholesterol <1.2 mmol·L-1; blood pressure ≥ 130 and/or 85 mmHg; and glucose > 6.0 mmol·L-1
** Awake blood pressure= ambulatory blood pressure averaged over the time period when men were awake and ambulating, i.e., day time blood pressure
†p < 0.01, p < 0.001 ‡ without vs with the Metabolic Syndrome