Table 2.

Success rates of endoscopic treatment for complex VUR.

Reference	Pathology	Bulking agent	Injected volume	Ureters	Follow-Up	Success
Perez-Brayfield et al. 2004 [13]	Neurogenic bladder	Dx/HA	0.4–2.0 (1.1)	9	3 months	78%
Capozza et al. 2002 [25]	Voiding dysfunction	Dx/HA			3–6 months	49%
Elmore et al. 2006 [26]	Failed initial injection	Dx/HA	1.0–1.5	53	3 months	89%
Perez-Brayfield et al. 2004 [13]	Failed reimplantation	Dx/HA	0.4–2.0 (1.1)	19	3 months	88%
Kitchens et al. 2006 [14]	Failed reimplantation	Dx/HA	0.7–3.8 (0.8)	20	19 months	83%
Campbell et al. 2006 [29]	Renal transplantation	Dx/HA		11		55%
Molitierno et al. 2007 [30]	Duplicated ureter	Dx/HA	0.8–2.8 (1.4)	63	1–3 months	85%
Cerwinka et al. 2007 [31]	Paraureteral diverticulum	Dx/HA	0.8–1.8 (1.2)	20	6.6 months	81%
Chertin et al. 2007 [32]	Ureterocele	Various		44	1–21 months	91%