Table 1.
Study | Total | Age <60 | Neglect | Method | AVN | Non-union | “Good” functional outcome (percentage; method) |
Internal fixation alone | |||||||
*Lifeso & Young4 | 28 | 18 | 18 | Undisplaced → Open reduction internal fixation alone (3 cases) | 33% | 33% | 33% subjective |
Internal fixation + osteotomy | |||||||
McMurray5 | 27 | 24 | 24 | Osteotomy | - | - | |
Zinghi et a21 | 34 | NA | 34 | Osteotomy (Pauwells or Putti) | 6% | 0 | |
*Lifeso & Young4 | 28 | 18 | 18 | Displaced → valgus osteotomy (6 cases) | 17% | 0 | 50% subjective |
Kalra & Anand16 | 20 | 20 | 20 | Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy | 10% | 15% | 75% Askin & Byran |
Internal fixation + osteotomy + bone graft | |||||||
Stewart & Wells7 | 100 | 49 | 49 | Osteotomy + internal fixation | ? | 45% | 35% subjective |
12 | NA | 12 | Osteotomy + internal fixation + bone graft | 42% | 0 | ||
Huang3 | 16 | 16 | 16 | Closed reduction + osteotomy (3 cases) Closed reduction + cortical bone graft (5 cases) Closed reduction + osteotomy + bone graft (8 cases) |
25% | 0 | 81% Askin & Byran |
Non vascularized bone graft | |||||||
Henderson8 | 77 | 72 | ?72 | Closed reduction/open reduction + bone graft (22 tibial, 55 fibular) | - | 28% | |
Inclan9 | 134 | 47 | ?47 | Closed reduction + Smith-Peterson nail + bone graft | ? | ? | 82% subjective |
Patrick10 | 47 | 15 | 6 | Closed reduction + Smith-Peterson nail + bone graft fibula | 33% | 17% | ? |
Bonfiglio & Voke11 | 77 | NA | NA | Closed reduction + pins + Phemister | ? | ? | 80% subjective |
Dooley12 & Hooper | 26 | 14 | 6 | Open reduction/closed reduction + internal fixation + bone graft + osteotomy (2 cases) Closed reduction internal fixation + bone graft (4 cases) |
50% 75% |
0 0 |
|
Snyder et al37 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Open reduction internal fixation + fibular graft | 0 | 0 | |
Nagi et al34 | 17 | 17 | 16 | Open reduction internal fixation + fibular graft | 12% | 0 | 75% Ratliff |
Slater et al38 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Closed reduction + screws + free fibular graft | 0 | 0 | 100% subjective |
Mishra35 | 25 | 25 | 15 | Open reduction internal fixation + fibular graft | ? | 7% | “fairly satisfactory function” |
Nagi et al5 | 40 | 40 | 40 | Open reduction internal fixation + fibular graft | 12% | 5% | 70% subjective |
Sandhu et al13 | 197 | 178 | 178 | 168 closed reduction internal fixation + fibular graft 3 open reduction + bone muscle pedicle graft 7 abdominal osteotomy + dynamic hip screw |
6.5% | 12% | |
Roshan & Ram14 | 32 | 32 | 32 | Open reduction internal fixation + fibular graft | 0 | 9% | 90% Harris hip score |
Vascularized bone graft | |||||||
Meyers et al6 | 32 | 23 | 12 | Open reduction internal fixation + muscle pedicle graft | ? | 40% | |
Baksi32 | 56 | 53 | 53 | Internal fixation + muscle pedicle bone graft | 67% | 11% | 82% subjective |
Hou et al2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | Open reduction internal fixation + pedicle iliac bone graft | 0 | 0 | 100% subjective |
Leung & Shen33 | 15 | 15 | 8 | Open reduction internal fixation + pedicle iliac bone graft | 0 | 0 | ? |
Hip arthroplasty | |||||||
*Lifeso & Young4 | 28 | 18 | 18 | Age >40 total hip replacement (19 cases) | - | - | 78% subjective |
* Same report.
AVN, avascular necrosis; NA, not available: age distribution did not specify proportion of patients <60 years.