Table 2.
Population Characteristics of CSHCN on Medicaid Only and 3 Years or Older
| Percent of Total Population (95% CI) | Percent of Each Category with Unmet Need for Mental Health Care (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Individual-level categories | ||
| Age | ||
| 3–8 years old | 39.8 (37.2–42.5) | 21.2 (14.8–29.5) |
| 9–12 years old | 34.2 (31.7–36.8) | 15.6 (11.8–20.5) |
| 13–17 years old | 26.0 (23.8–28.2) | 24.4 (18.2–31.7) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 58.5 (55.9–61.1) | 19.0 (15.5–23.0) |
| Female | 41.5 (38.9–44.1) | 21.6 (15.5–29.2) |
| Race | ||
| White | 47.6 (45.0–50.2) | 18.9 (14.8–24.0) |
| Black | 27.6 (25.3–30.1) | 28.5 (20.7–37.8) |
| Hispanic | 18.6 (16.3–21.0) | 10.6 (6.2–17.3) |
| Other | 6.3 (5.2–7.5) | 22.5 (10.8–40.9) |
| Coordinated care in medical home | ||
| Yes | 42.7 (40.1–45.4) | 10.2 (6.0–17.0) |
| No | 57.3 (54.6–59.9) | 23.6 (19.1–28.8) |
| Adequate insurance | ||
| Yes | 55.7 (52.9–58.4) | 12.5 (8.8–17.4) |
| No | 44.3 (41.6–47.1) | 27.2 (21.5–33.8) |
| Time affected by condition, past 12 months | ||
| Never | 23.9 (21.8–26.0) | 14.7 (7.7–26.2) |
| Sometimes | 44.5 (41.9–47.2) | 16.8 (12.3–22.6) |
| Usually or always | 31.6 (29.2–34.2) | 25.5 (20.2–31.7) |
| Description of child's needs | ||
| Change all the time | 10.8 (9.4–12.4) | 28.6 (19.6–39.8) |
| Needs change only once in a while | 35.6 (33.2–38.2) | 23.7 (18.0–30.4) |
| Needs are usually stable | 53.6 (50.9–56.2) | 15.0 (10.9–20.2) |
| Emotional/developmental/behavioral problem | ||
| Yes | 46.1 (43.4–48.8) | 22.0 (18.1–26.5) |
| No | 53.9 (51.2–56.6) | 10.7 (6.1–18.2) |
| State-level categories | ||
| State pediatric Medicaid mental health program type | ||
| Managed care (carve-out or integrated) | 86.1 (84.7–87.4) | 21.0 (17.3–25.3) |
| Fee-for-service | 13.9 (12.6–15.3) | 12.9 (8.5–19.1) |
| State pediatric Medicaid mental health program type | ||
| Carve-out managed care | 53.2 (50.7–55.7) | 22.7 (17.6–28.8) |
| Integrated managed care | 32.9 (30.6–35.2) | 18.2 (13.8–23.6) |
| Fee-for-service | 13.9 (12.6–15.3) | 12.9 (8.5–19.1) |
| State Medicaid managed care penetration rate | ||
| State below median | 51.3 (48.7–53.8) | 22.6 (17.4–29.0) |
| State above median | 48.7 (46.2–51.3) | 17.6 (13.8–22.1) |
| Primary care pediatricians per 1,000 children in state | ||
| State below median | 33.3 (31.1–35.6) | 17.2 (13.6–21.4) |
| State above median | 66.7 (64.4–68.9) | 21.4 (16.9–26.7) |
| Mental health providers per 1,000 children in state | ||
| State below median | 66.6 (64.3–68.8) | 21.2 (16.8–26.2) |
| State above median | 33.4 (31.2–35.7) | 17.9 (13.3–23.6) |
| Adjusted state Medicaid reimbursement rate for psychiatric evaluation per $10 | ||
| State below median | 50.6 (47.9–53.2) | 16.9 (13.0–21.7) |
| State above median | 49.4 (46.8–52.1) | 22.3 (17.0–28.8) |
CSHCN, children with special health care needs; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Missing values not included in calculations.
Calculated using individual-level sample weights.
Sample n=4,400.