FIGURE 1.

Inhibition of the proteasome or accumulation of mutant EndoG promotes mitochondrial condensation. A, HEK293T cells were treated with or without the proteasome inhibitor MG132 for 18 h, and the levels of endogenous endoG was determined by immunofluorescence. B, electron microscopy of the mitochondria of untreated HEK293T cells. C, HEK293T cells were treated with MG132 for 18 h, and the mitochondria were visualized by electron microscopy. The panel on the left shows a wheel-like morphology, whereas the panel on the right shows dark condensed mitochondria. D, HEK293T cells were transfected with either wild-type or mutant GFP-endoG for 24 h with and without proteasome inhibitor added for the last 18 h. The numbers of transfected cells with an even mitochondrial distribution versus a mitochondrial aggregation pattern were scored. E, HEK293T cells were transfected with mutant endoG for 24 h, and the mitochondria were visualized by electron microscopy.