An unrooted neighbor-joining tree showing the phylogenetic relationships among AtMES proteins and other carboxylesterases. The tree was constructed with protein sequences of 20 Arabidopsis MES members (AtMES1–AtMES20), NtSABP2, R. serpentina PNAE, and LeMJE. Protein sequences of CXE family members AtCXE1, -2, and -19, Nthsr203J, and P. radiata (Pr) MC3 were also included in the phylogenetic analysis. Bootstrap values were calculated from 1,000 replicates. The three clusters of sequences that contain all the AtMES sequences were designated as subfamilies 1, 2, and 3. Analysis using maximum parsimony (not shown) gave a tree with the same four major branches.