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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jul 2.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Neurosci. 2008 May;27(9):2272–2284. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06176.x

Fig 1.

Fig 1

Repeated defeat stress significantly increased the expression of MOR mRNA in the VTA 2 h after the last stress episode, and this level of mRNA expression remained high for at least 21 days. (A) optical density in film autoradiographs expressed as μCi/g of calibrated radiostandard (two-way ANOVA F 1,60 = 47.32; p<0.01) (B) number of labeled neurons in the VTA (F 1,60 = 176.82; p<0.001); (C) labeling ratio (number of grains per cell relative to background labeling) at different time-points after repeated defeat stress (F 1,60 = 70.15; p<0.001). *p<0.05; **p<0.01; *** p<0.001 compared with appropriate control group.