Figure 2.

Time course of antifreeze level and freezing points of body fluids of hatchling G. acuticeps larvae. Freezing point (FP, left ordinate) and antifreeze levels (TH, right ordinate). Larvae fluid samples with FP above the dashed line (−1.91°C, FP of seawater) are at risk of freezing if seeded with ice. (a) Serum TH (open triangle) and FP (closed squares) from hatching to 147 dph. Blood antifreeze did not reach sufficient protective levels until about 64–84 dph (arrow). (b) Intestinal fluid TH (open triangle) and FP (closed diamond) from hatching to 84 dph. Intestinal antifreeze levels are inadequate to prevent intestinal freezing for at the entire sampling period of 84 dph. Adult serum and intestinal TH and FP values (open and closed circle, respectively) are included for comparison. Data are re-plotted from Cziko et al. (2005).