|
Lipid metabolism
|
|
|
| P450 4A6 |
Omega oxidation of fatty acids |
[15] |
| malic enzyme gene |
Fatty acid
synthesis |
[16] |
| apoA-I and apoA-II. |
Components of HDL |
[17] |
| LPL (lipoprotein lipase) |
Hydrolysis of triglycerides |
[18] |
| UCP3 (Uncoupling protein 3) |
Fatty acid transport and thermogenesis |
[19] |
| CEH (Cholesteryl ester hydrolase) |
Hydrolysis of stored cholesterol esters in
macrophage foam cells and release of free cholesterol for high-density
lipoprotein-mediated efflux |
[20] |
| Aox/ACO (Acyl-CoA
oxidase) |
Beta-oxidation in peroxisome |
[21] |
| HD (enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase) |
Beta oxidation in perixisome |
[21] |
| ILK (Integrin-linked kinase) |
Integrin-mediated signaling |
[22] |
| HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme
A synthase and reductase) |
Cholesterol biosynthesis |
[23] |
| LRP (lipoprotein receptor-related protein) |
Lipoprotein metabolism, neurological function,
tissue remodelling, protease complex clearance, cell signal transduction |
[24] |
| CPT1beta (human carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1beta) |
Fatty acid mitochondrial beta-oxidation |
[25] |
| FABP (fatty acid binding protein) |
Lipid transport (solubilization of long-chain
fatty acids) |
[26] |
| ADRP (Adipose differentiation-related
protein) |
Maintenance of lipid stores in non-adipocytes |
[27] |
| FIAF (The fasting-induced adipose factor |
Circulating lipoprotein lipase inhibitor
secreted from adipose tissue |
[28] |
|
|
Carbohydrate metabolism
|
|
|
| betaGK (beta-cell-specific glucokinase) |
Glucose-sensing apparatus in pancreatic beta-cells |
[29] |
| GPDH (Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) |
NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the
oxidation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. It restores NAD+. |
[30] |
| UGDH (UDP-glucose dehydrogenase) |
Biosynthesis of complex carbohydrates and
detoxification of toxic compounds in the liver |
[31] |
| PDK (Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase) |
Modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
activity |
[32] |
| SHP (Small heterodimer partner) |
Bile acid-dependent down regulation of
gluconeogenic gene expression in liver |
[33] |
|
|
Inflammation
|
|
|
| Prm3 (thromboxane receptor (TP) beta
promoter) |
Thromboxane receptor (TP) beta transcription |
[34] |
| IL-1ra
(Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) |
IL-1 receptor signaling blockage |
[35] |
| CD36 (scavenger
receptor) |
Scavenger receptor |
[36] |
| sPLA2-IIA (Group IIA secretory phospholipase
A2) |
Proinflammatory effect |
[37] |
| AhR (Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor) |
Proinflammatory effect |
[38] |
|
|
Growth factors and cell cycle regulators
|
|
|
| SSAT (spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase) |
Polyamine catabolism |
[39] |
| GOS2 (GO/G1 switch gene 2) |
Cell cycle
regulation |
[40] |
| VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) |
Vasculogenesis |
[41] |
| IGFBP-1 (Insulin-like growth factor-binding
protein 1) |
Binding protein of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and
IGF-II. Biomarker for metabolic and hyperproliferative diseases |
[42] |
|
|
Detoxification and redox enzymes
|
|
|
| CYP1A1 (Cytochrome P450 1A1) |
Degradation of endobiotics and the
bioactivation of numerous environmental procarcinogens |
[43] |
| GST (glutathione S-transferase gene) |
Antioxidant function |
[44] |
| POX
(Proline oxidase) |
Redox enzyme |
[45] |
| VDUP-1 (Vitamin D-upregulated protein-1) |
Inhibition of thioredoxin-1 which plays a
role in the regulation of cellular redox balance (Cellular redox balance) |
[46] |
|
|
Others
|
|
|
| BCM (Beta-carotene
15,15′-monooxygenase) |
Vitamin A biosynthesis |
[47] |
| I-BABP (Ileal bile acid-binding protein) |
Enterohepatic circulation of bile acids |
[48] |
| PCLN-1 (paracellin-1) |
Tight-junction protein, exclusively, in the
kidney |
[49] |
| BACE1(Beta-site amyloid precursor protein
cleaving enzyme) |
Central
causal role in Alzheimer's disease |
[50] |
| nephrin promoter |
Nephrin synthesis |
[51] |
| CIDEA (Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation
factor alpha-like effector A) |
Proapoptotic protein |
[52] |
| TFF2 (Trefoil factor family 2) |
Defense and repair of gastric mucosa |
[53] |
