Table 3.

Results of stepwise regression analysis with emotional exhaustion as criterion variable

Predictors	β	R	R˛	F
Rewards	-0.37*	0.47	0.22	32.19*
Psychological manifestations of occupational stress†	0.41*	0.65	0.43	42.03*
Psychical manifestations of occupational stress‡	0.29*	0.72	0.52	40.07*
Work climate	-0.18*	0.74	0.55	33.66*
Advancement and benefits	0.17*	0.76	0.58	30.02*
Negative emotional and behavioral reactions toward patients and colleagues	-0.05
Superior and colleagues	-0.07

*P<0.01.

†Physical manifestations of occupational stress were headache, rapid shallow breathing, rapid heart beat, fatigue, gastrointestinal problems, pain, sleep disturbances, and physical exhaustion.

‡Psychological manifestations of occupational stress were feeling insecure, feeling anxious, feeling depressed, feeling unable, feeling social isolated, feeling distanced, feeling irritable, feeling sad, and feeling dissatisfied.