TABLE 2.
Antimicrobial families, genetic markers, primer sequences, GenBank accession numbers, and sources providing DNA for resistance genes tested
| Antimicrobial family | Genetic marker | PCR primer sequence (5′-3′)
|
Amplicon size (bp) | GenBank accession no. | Source providing DNA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward | Reverse | |||||
| Beta-lactams | blaTEM | GAGTATTCAACATTTTCGT | ACCAATGCTTAATCAGTGA | 857 | AF309824 | R. C. Levesque |
| blaSHV | TCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCC | CGCAGATAAATCACCACAATG | 768 | AF148850 | R. C. Levesque | |
| Aminoglycosides | aac(3)-IIa (aacC2) | CGGAAGGCAATAACGGAG | TCGAACAGGTAGCACTGAG | 740 | X54723 | D. Sandvang |
| aac(3)-IV | GTGTGCTGCTGGTCCACAGC | AGTTGACCCAGGGCTGTCGC | 627 | X01385 | J. Harel | |
| aph(3′)-Ia (aphA1) | ATGGGCTCGCGATAATGTC | CTCACCGAGGCAGTTCCAT | 600 | M18329 | J. Harel | |
| aph(3′)-IIa (aphA2) | GAACAAGATGGATTGCACGC | GCTCTTCAGCAATATCACGG | 680 | V00618 | J. Harel | |
| ant(3″)-Ia (aadAI) | CATCATGAGGGAAGCGGTG | GACTACCTTGGTGATCTCG | 786 | DQ166553.1 | J. Harel | |
| ant(3″)-If (aadA6) | GAGTAACGCAGTACCCGC | CACTGGCATGGCACTAAGC | 795 | AY444814.1 | J. Harel | |
| Tetracycline | tet(A) | GTGAAACCCAACATACCCC | GAAGGCAAGCAGGATGTAG | 888 | X00006 | J. Harel |
| tet(B) | CCTTATCATGCCAGTCTTGC | ACTGCCGTTTTTTCGCC | 774 | J01830 | J. Harel | |
| tet(C) | ACTTGGAGCCACTATCGAC | CTACAATCCATGCCAACCC | 881 | J01749 | J. Harel | |
| Phenicols | catI | AGTTGCTCAATGTACCTATAACC | TTGTAATTCATTAAGCATTCTGCC | 547 | M62822 | J. Harel |
| floR | CGCCGTCATTCCTCACCTTC | GATCACGGGCCACGCTGTGTC | 215 | AF252855 | D. G. White | |
| Trimethoprim | dhfrI | AAGAATGGAGTTATCGGGAATG | GGGTAAAAACTGGCCTAAAATTG | 391 | X00926 | J. Harel |
| dhfrIb | AGTATCATTGATAGCTGCG | GTAGTGCGCGAAGCGAAC | 517 | DQ388123.1 | J. Harel | |
| dhfrV | CTGCAAAAGCGAAAAACGG | AGCAATAGTTAATGTTTGAGCTAAAG | 432 | X12868 | O. Sköld | |
| dhfrVII | GGTAATGGCCCTGATATCCC | TGTAGATTTGACCGCCACC | 265 | X58425 | O. Sköld | |
| dhfrIX | TCTAAACATGATTGTCGCTGTC | TTGTTTTCAGTAATGGTCGGG | 462 | X57730 | C. Wallen | |
| dhfrXII | GAACTCGGAATCAGTACGC | ACGCGCATAAACGGAGTG | 483 | DQ157751.1 | J. Harel | |
| dhfrXIII | CAGGTGAGCAGAAGATTTTT | CCTCAAAGGTTTGATGTACC | 294 | Z50802 | P. V. Adrian | |
| dhfrXV | GGGAACAATTACTCTTC | GTCTTCAGATGATTTAGC | 186 | Z83311D | P. V. Adrian | |
| Sulfonamides | sul1 | TTCGGCATTCTGAATCTCAC | ATGATCTAACCCTCGGTCTC | 822 | X12869 | R. C. Levesque |
| sul2 | CGGCATCGTCAACATAACC | GTGTGCGGATGAAGTCAG | 722 | M36657 | J. Harel | |