FIG. 2.

Schematic representation of AP-1 binding sites in human and mouse ccl2 loci. The 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (black boxes), the three exons (white boxes), and 3,000 bp of upstream and downstream flanking sequences of the murine (A) and human (B) ccl2 genomic sequences are shown. Sequences were taken from the ENSEMBL database using the indicated accession numbers. Nucleotides of both genomic loci are aligned according to scale and are indicated by numbers. The AP-1-binding sites adjacent to the TSS (TGACTCC) that were previously verified by mutational analysis (30, 40, 41, 47, 60) and a downstream AP-1 site (TGAGTCA) that was suggested by DNase hypersensitive site mapping in the human gene locus (10) are underlined. Asterisks indicate AP-1 sites with identical sequences in other regions of the mouse and human genes. Additional AP-1-binding sites predicted by TRANSFAC Professional, version 10.3, are indicated (TF). Note that TRANSFAC uses uppercase lettering for the core sequence of a predicted binding site. Only sites located on the positive strand are shown. NF-κB (1) and NF-κB (2), experimentally verified binding sites in the distal regulatory region of the ccl2 enhancer (40, 51).