Table 5. Total distress scores for male and female patients in subgroups of therapy compared to no treatment.

	Male			Female			Total
	Mean	s.d.	P1*	Mean	s.d.	P2*	Mean	s.d.	P3*
No treatment	10.09	7.94		13.82	8.93		12.24	8.72	<0.001
Surgery	9.42	6.95	NS	13.33	8.50	NS	12.81	8.42	<0.001
Chemotherapy	18.44	8.72	<0.001	20.86	9.26	<0.001	19.86	9.11	<0.001
Radiotherapy	12.10	8.17	NS	16.45	9.46	NS	14.59	9.16	NS
Hormone therapy	11.17	5.88	NS	17.99	9.72	<0.001	17.66	9.66	NS
Other therapy	19.38	9.88	<0.001	22.04	9.78	<0.001	20.99	9.89	NS
Surgery+chemotherapy	18.46	9.66	<0.001	19.10	9.37	<0.001	18.97	9.41	NS
Surgery+radiotherapy	13.37	5.48	<0.001	14.21	7.28	NS	14.00	6.87	NS
Chemotherapy+radiotherapy	15.12	7.62	<0.001	16.51	8.12	<0.001	15.99	7.96	NS
Surgery+chemotherapy+radiotherapy	14.93	5.66	<0.001	19.76	8.47	<0.001	18.04	7.90	NS

^*P1: difference between each therapy group and the non-treatment group within males; P2: difference between each therapy group and the non-treatment group within females; P3: differences between male and female patients within each therapy group; ^*P-values corrected for multiple testing.