Table 8.
Comparison of PM levels in rural kitchens and outdoor environments based on stationary monitoring in this study and previous studies.
| Location (reference) | PM size | Type of fuel | Kitchen mean PM (μg/m3) | Outdoor mean PM (μg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shenyang, China (this study) | PM10 | Crop residue | 100.6 | 40.23 |
| Andhra Pradesh, southern India (Balakrishnan et al. 2004) | PM4 | Wood
Dung |
500
732 |
87
99 |
| Guizhou, China (He et al. 2005) | PM4 | Coal and biomass | 1,944–2,334 | 206 |
| Shaanxi, China (He et al. 2005) | PM4 | Coal and biomass | 456 | 122 |
| Cantuyo, Bolivia (Albalak et al. 1999) | PM10 | Dung | 3,690 (mean)
1,830 (geometric mean) |
60 (mean)
50 (geometric mean) |
| Tanzania (Kilabuko et al. 2007) | PM10 | Wood | 656.2 (cooking times)
96.1 (noncooking times) |
40.1 |