Impairment of spatial memory in PCAF KO mice. 2-month old female (left panel) and male (right panel) WT and PCAF KO mice acquired a fixed platform position in the water-maze test: acquisition profiles showing swimming duration (A, C); probe test performances (B, D). Animals were submitted for 7 days to 3 swims per day, with a 10 min intertrial time interval. Acquisition profiles are shown in terms of median swimming latency (A, C). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. the control value during the same training trial (Dunnett’s test). One hour after the last swimming trial, the platform was removed and animals were submitted to a 60 s swim. The presence in each quadrant was measured. Quadrants: T, training; AL, adjacent left; O, opposite; AR, adjacent right. The number of animals per group is indicated within the T column. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. the time spent in the T quadrant (Dunnett’s test). The short-term memory component was measured in the water-maze using a daily changing platform position procedure: swimming latency profiles among the five trials, averaged over the 3 days, for female (E) and male (F) WT and PCAF KO mice. * p < 0.05 vs. the control value (Dunn’s test).