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FT-Raman spectra of wild-type, D85N, and D85N/D96N bacteriorhodopsins. Conditions are 100 mM NaCl, pH 6.6, at 22°C. Wild-type spectra are for all-trans (light-adapted) and 13-cis (from a dark-adapted sample that contains 33% all-trans) chromophores. These are essentially the same as reported before (39) and shown as controls only. For the mutants spectra of dark-adapted samples are shown. Amplitudes of the two wild-type spectra adjusted (together) for best comparison with the mutants.
