Minus end turnover pathway. (A) MT (open rectangle) attached to the centrosome (shaded circle) with a cap preventing depolymerization at the minus end (filled square). (B) MT is released from the centrosome, but the minus end remains capped. (C) Cap is stochastic, not permanent; MT has some probability of becoming uncapped. (D) MT minus end depolymerizes. kR, kU, and kD are the rate constants for release, uncapping, and depolymerization, respectively.