Table 1.

Clinical characteristics, laboratory values and tumor characteristics in the patients studied

Characteristic	Number (%)
Patients	54
Male	26 (48%)
Age at surgery (yrs)
Mean ± SE	49.7 ± 1.4
[Range]	[15–75]
Duration onset to surgery (yrs)a
Mean ± SE	8.6 ± 0.8
[Range]	[0.2–25]
Duration of disease (yrs)
Mean ± SE	16.6 ± 1.0
[Range]	[2.4–37.0]
Fasting serum gastrin (pg/ml)b
Mean ± SE	4900 ± 2200
[Range]	[170–110000]
Secretin (pg/ml)c
Mean ± SE	9800 ± 3700
[Range]	[67–158000]
BAO (mEq/hr)d
Mean ± SE	45.0 ± 3.3
[Range]	[3.6–99.5]
MAO (mEq/hr)d
Mean ± SE	69.4 ± 4.9
[Range]	[18–136]
MEN1 present	9 (17%)
Primary tumor locatione
Duodenum	32 (59%)
Pancreas	8 (15%)
Lymph nodef	7 (13%)
Othersg	5 (9%)
Unknown	3 (6%)
Tumor extent at surgeryh
Primary only	17 (31%)
Primary + lymph node	36 (67%)
Metastatic lymph node onlyi	3 (6%)
Liver metastases any time	12 (22%)
Aggressive diseasej	17 (31%)
Postoperative cure
Immediately	34 (63%)
Last follow-up	24 (44%)

^aDuration of disease was defined as the time from onset of continuous symptoms attributable to Zollinger-Ellison syndrome until surgery as described previously (4,16).

^bFasting serum gastrin was determined preoperatively.

^cΔSecretin was determined preoperatively (n=48) as the increase in fasting serum gastrin (pg/ml) with bolus secretin injection (2 clinical units/Kg) over the preinjection level (4).

^dBAO and MAO were determined preoperatively (11). Shown are the BAO and MAO from patients without previous gastric acid-reducing surgery [BAO (n=48), MAO (n=38)].

^eOne patient had two primary tumor locations, a duodenal and pancreatic primary.

^fA lymph node primary was as defined previously with only a gastrinoma in a lymph node found at surgery and the patient was disease-free (22,47).

^gOther primary tumors include: liver (n=1); bile duct (n=2); nonsmall cell lung cancer (n=1); and omentum (n=1).

^hEach patient is in only one of the three categories.

ⁱMetastatic lymph node only was defined as finding gastrinoma in lymph node(s) without a primary tumor and the patient was not disease-free

^jAggressive disease refers to patients postresection in whom new lesions, liver metastases or tumor growth on imaging developed as defined in Methods.