Table 4 Risk factors and their association with pregnancy among partners of young men in Randomised Intervention of Pupil Peer‐Led sex Education study data.
| Association with pregnancy among partners of young men | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of risk factor, n (%) | Number pregnant at follow‐up 2, n (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Socioeconomic status | ||||
| Housing | ||||
| Privately owned | 1727 (75.1) | 37 (2.14) | 1 | 1 |
| Non‐privately owned | 572 (24.9) | 18 (3.15) | 1.51 (0.82 to 2.77) | 1.05 (0.32 to 3.40) |
| Family structure/relationships | ||||
| Mothers age at birth (years) | ||||
| ⩾20 | 1980 (94.6) | 45 (2.27) | 1 | 1 |
| <20 | 114 (5.4) | 7 (6.14) | 2.76 (0.99 to 7.68) | 0.47 (0.07 to 3.01) |
| Communication with mother/female guardian (baseline) | ||||
| Difficult | 1380 (52.5) | 34 (2.46) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1248 (47.5) | 32 (2.56) | 0.98 (0.43 to 2.25) | 0.93 (0.31 to 2.81) |
| Communication with mother/female guardian (follow‐up 1) | ||||
| Difficult | 1495 (57.4) | 32 (2.14) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1108 (42.6) | 28 (2.53) | 1.20 (0.61 to 2.35) | 1.21 (0.47 to 3.13) |
| Communication with father/male guardian (baseline) | ||||
| Difficult | 1373 (53.3) | 32 (2.33) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1202 (46.7) | 31 (2.58) | 0.90 (0.46 to 1.75) | 0.54 (0.24 to 1.21) |
| Communication with father/male guardian (follow‐up 1) | ||||
| Difficult | 1452 (56.9) | 30 (2.07) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1101 (43.1) | 30 (2.72) | 1.38 (0.67 to 2.84) | 2.07 (0.91 to 4.68) |
| Expectations of the future/perceptions of peers | ||||
| Lack of expectation of education by age 20 years (baseline) | ||||
| No | 1753 (66.5) | 47 (2.68) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 779 (29.5) | 17 (2.18) | 0.88 (0.53 to 1.48) | 0.62 (0.27 to 1.43) |
| Yes | 105 (4.0) | 3 (2.86) | 1.06 (0.31 to 3.61) | 1.24 (0.23 to 6.77) |
| Lack of expectation of education by age 20 years (follow‐up 1) | NA | |||
| No | 1760 (66.4) | 40 (2.27) | 1 | |
| Unsure | 794 (30.0) | 20 (2.52) | 1.22 (0.71 to 2.10) | |
| Yes | 95 (3.6) | 4 (4.21) | 2.06 (0.68 to 6.21) | |
| Positive expectation of being a parent by age 20 years (baseline) | * | |||
| No | 1267 (47.5) | 23 (1.82) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 929 (34.8) | 21 (2.26) | 1.27 (0.50 to 3.23) | 1.22 (0.40 to 3.69) |
| Yes | 473 (17.7) | 22 (4.65) | 2.45 (1.10 to 5.46) | 0.72 (0.21 to 2.49) |
| Positive expectation of being a parent by age 20 years (follow‐up 1) | ||||
| No | 1512 (57.0) | 33 (2.18) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 859 (32.4) | 17 (1.98) | 0.81 (0.35 to 1.89) | 0.65 (0.28 to 1.52) |
| Yes | 282 (10.6) | 14 (4.96) | 1.65 (0.81 to 3.32) | 1.87 (0.42 to 8.20) |
| Peer norms (baseline) | *** | * | ||
| Believe less than ½ having sex | 2253 (94.0) | 51 (2.26) | 1 | 1 |
| Believe ½ or more having sex | 145 (6.0) | 11 (7.59) | 3.71 (1.89 to 7.31) | 2.77 (0.71 to 10.73) |
| Peer norms (follow up 1) | ||||
| Believe less than ½ having sex | 2038 (83.4) | 42 (2.06) | 1 | 1 |
| Believe ½ or more having sex | 405 (16.6) | 17 (4.20) | 1.67 (0.86 to 3.25) | 2.17 (0.90 to 5.24) |
| Individual behaviours | ||||
| Intent to skip school (baseline) | *** | *** | ||
| Unlikely | 2024 (76.0) | 40 (1.98) | 1 | 1 |
| Ambivalent | 377 (14.2) | 16 (4.24) | 1.45 (0.69 to 3.02) | 1.77 (0.48 to 6.47) |
| Likely | 263 (9.9) | 11 (4.18) | 1.27 (0.67 to 2.41) | 2.93 (0.94 to 9.15) |
| Intent to skip school (follow up 1) | ||||
| Unlikely | 1960 (73.7) | 33 (1.68) | 1 | 1 |
| Ambivalent | 367 (13.8) | 11 (3.00) | 1.67 (0.87 to 3.20) | 1.68 (0.71 to 3.99) |
| Likely | 331 (12.5) | 20 (6.04) | 3.51 (1.97 to 6.25) | 1.93 (0.60 to 6.24) |
| Drunk >once a month at age 13 years | *** | *** | ||
| Drunk <once a month | 2364 (89.1) | 46 (1.95) | 1 | 1 |
| Drunk ⩾once a month | 290 (10.9) | 19 (6.55) | 3.43 (2.14 to 5.52) | 3.86 (1.74 to 8.57) |
| Sexual health knowledge | ||||
| Knowledge of STIs (baseline); number correct of 2 | ||||
| 0 | 607 (22.4) | 12 (1.98) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1040 (38.4) | 26 (2.50) | 1.38 (0.64 to 2.95) | 0.93 (0.33 to 2.57) |
| 2 | 1058 (39.1) | 29 (2.74) | 1.49 (0.68 to 3.30) | 0.86 (0.30 to 2.44) |
| Knowledge of STIs (follow‐up 1); number correct of 2 | ||||
| 0 | 359 (13.4) | 7 (1.95) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 876 (32.8) | 23 (2.63) | 1.10 (0.36 to 3.41) | 3.58 (0.57 to 22.66) |
| 2 | 1435 (53.7) | 34 (2.37) | 0.99 (0.40 to 2.44) | 3.22 (0.59 to 17.52) |
| Knowledge of timing of emergency contraceptive pill (baseline) | ||||
| No | 2224 (86.6) | 56 (2.52) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 345 (13.4) | 8 (2.32) | 0.46 (0.30 to 1.93) | 1.15 (0.45 to 2.88) |
| Knowledge of timing of emergency contraceptive pill (follow‐up 1) | ||||
| No | 1968 (77.3) | 44 (2.24) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 579 (22.7) | 18 (3.11) | 1.52 (0.75 to 3.07) | 2.24 (0.96 to 5.24) |
| Ability to identify sexual health services (baseline) | ** | |||
| No | 1854 (78.3) | 49 (2.64) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 513 (21.7) | 12 (2.34) | 0.75 (0.42 to 1.37) | 0.58 (0.27 to 1.25) |
| Ability to identify sexual health services (follow‐up 1) | ||||
| No | 1504 (64.9) | 31 (2.06) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 812 (35.1) | 20 (2.46) | 0.99 (0.66 to 1.49) | 0.32 (0.14 to 0.69) |
| Main source of information (baseline) | * | * | ||
| Does not include school | 997 (37.6) | 29 (2.91) | 1 | 1 |
| Includes school | 1654 (62.4) | 28 (2.30) | 1.10 (0.25 to 1.76) | 2.04 (0.86 to 4.80) |
| Main source of information (follow‐up 1) | ||||
| Does not include school | 939 (35.5) | 31 (3.30) | 1 | 1 |
| Includes school | 1704 (64.5) | 32 (1.88) | 0.43 (0.25 to 0.76) | 0.44 (0.21 to 0.93) |
STIs, sexually transmitted infections.
*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.