Table 4 Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of poor self‐rated health by societal characteristics in different multilevel models.
| Societal characteristic, unit of effect | (1) Odds ratio adjusted for age and sex | (2) Odds ratio adjusted for age, sex and individual SES* | (3) Odds ratio adjusted for age, sex, individual SES* and GDP |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP PPP, per $5000 increase | 0.75 (0.65 to 0.86) | 0.79 (0.68 to 0.93) | NA |
| Annual growth, per 1% | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.98) | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.02) | 1.00 (0.90 to 1.12) |
| Maximum economic contraction, per 10% | 1.10 (1.0 to 1.20) | 1.08 (0.99 to 1.19) | 1.02 (0.90 to 1.16) |
| Gini coefficient, per 0.1 unit increase | 1.15 (0.95 to 1.39) | 1.12 (0.93 to 1.34) | 1.03 (0.87 to 1.22) |
| Corruption index, per 1 unit (minimum 0, maximum 10) | 1.20 (1.08 to 1.33) | 1.15 (1.03 to 1.29) | 1.07 (0.96 to 1.20) |
| Homicide rates (per 10/100,000 increase) | 1.09 (1.00 to 1.19) | 1.08 (0.98 to 1.18) | 1.05 (0.96 to 1.15) |
| Ratio of 80th/20th income percentile, per 1‐unit increase | 1.13 (0.92 to 1.39) | 1.05 (0.84 to 1.32) | 0.87 (0.67 to 1.14) |
| Ratio of 90th/10th income percentile, per 1‐unit increase | 1.02 (0.95 to 1.11) | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.09) | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.03) |
*Education, quartile of household income, number of household items and marital status.