Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1974 Mar;117(3):1099–1107. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.3.1099-1107.1974

De Novo Purine Synthesis in Vegetative Cells and Myxospores of Myxococcus xanthus

Carl A Westby a,1, Wen-Cherng Tsai b
PMCID: PMC246589  PMID: 4360538

Abstract

This study was designed to determine whether vegetative cells and myxospores of Myxococcus xanthus were capable of classical de novo purine biosynthesis. To answer this question, vegetative and myxospore extracts of M. xanthus FBa were tested for their ability to synthesize the second de novo intermediate, 5′-phosphoribosylglycinamide, from beginning precursors either by way of phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate amido transferase (EC 2.4.2.14) or ribose-5-phosphate amino transferase. Both the amido and amino transferase routes occurred in both types of extracts, and both enzymes appear to be present at about the same level (per milligram of protein) in vegetative cells, myxospores, and in a bacterial prototype, Salmonella typhimurium. The dose response of the vegetative and myxospore forms of both enzymes towards adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) and guanosine 5′-monophosphate (GMP) suggests that the allosteric structure of both enzymes is changed little by sporulation. Both enzymes were inhibited to varying degrees by a variety of purine nucleotides besides AMP, GMP, and 3′:5′ cyclic AMP.

Full text

PDF
1099

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. DWORKIN M., GIBSON S. M. A SYSTEM FOR STUDYING MICROBIAL MORPHOGENESIS: RAPID FORMATION OF MICROCYSTS IN MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUS. Science. 1964 Oct 9;146(3641):243–244. doi: 10.1126/science.146.3641.243. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. DWORKIN M. Nutritional requirements for vegetative growth of Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 1962 Aug;84:250–257. doi: 10.1128/jb.84.2.250-257.1962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. HARTMAN S. C. THE INTERACTION OF 6-DIAZO-5-OXO-L-NORLEUCINE WITH PHOSPHORIBOSYL PYROPHOSPHATE AMIDOTRANSFERASE. J Biol Chem. 1963 Sep;238:3036–3047. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. HERSCOVICS A., JOHNSTONE R. M. (14-C)FORMATE UTILIZATION IN CELL-FREE EXTRACTS OF EHRLICH ASCITES CELLS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 Nov 8;93:251–263. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(64)90373-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hemphill H. E., Zahler S. A. Nutrition of Myxococcus xanthus FBa and some of its auxotrophic mutants. J Bacteriol. 1968 Mar;95(3):1011–1017. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.3.1011-1017.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hemphill H. E., Zahler S. A. Nutritional induction and suppression of fruiting in Myxococcus xanthus FBa. J Bacteriol. 1968 Mar;95(3):1018–1023. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.3.1018-1023.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Holmes E. W., McDonald J. A., McCord J. M., Wyngaarden J. B., Kelley W. N. Human glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase. Kinetic and regulatory properties. J Biol Chem. 1973 Jan 10;248(1):144–150. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Konijn T. M., Van De Meene J. G., Bonner J. T., Barkley D. S. The acrasin activity of adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Sep;58(3):1152–1154. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.3.1152. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kornberg A., Spudich J. A., Nelson D. L., Deutscher M. P. Origin of proteins in sporulation. Annu Rev Biochem. 1968;37:51–78. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.37.070168.000411. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Le Gal M. L., Le Gal Y., Roche J., Hedegaard J. Purine biosynthesis: enzymatic formation of ribosylamine-5-phosphate from ribose-5-phosphate and ammonia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1967 Jun 23;27(6):618–624. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(67)80079-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Martin D. W., Jr, Owen N. T. Repression and derepression of purine biosynthesis in mammalian hepatoma cells in culture. J Biol Chem. 1972 Sep 10;247(17):5477–5485. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. NIERLICH D. P., MAGASANIK B. PHOSPHORIBOSYLGLYCINAMIDE SYNTHETASE OF AEROBACTER AEROGENES. PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES, AND NONENZYMATIC FORMATION OF ITS SUBSTRATE 5'-PHOSPHORIBOSYLAMINE. J Biol Chem. 1965 Jan;240:366–374. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. NIERLICH D. P., MAGASANIK B. REGULATION OF PURINE RIBONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS BY END PRODUCT INHIBITION. THE EFFECT OF ADENINE AND GUANINE RIBONUCLEOTIDES ON THE 5'-PHOSPHORIBOSYL-PYROPHOSPHATE AMIDOTRANSFERASE OF AEROBACTER AEROGENES. J Biol Chem. 1965 Jan;240:358–365. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Reem G. H. De novo purine biosynthesis by two pathways in Burkitt lymphoma cells and in human spleen. J Clin Invest. 1972 May;51(5):1058–1062. doi: 10.1172/JCI106897. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Reem G. H. Enzymatic synthesis of 5'-phosphoribosylamine from ribose 5-phosphate and ammonia, an alternate first step in purine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 1968 Nov 10;243(21):5695–5701. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Reem G. H., Friend C. Properties of 5'-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase in virus induced murine leukemia. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Jan 7;171(1):58–66. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(69)90105-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Shiio I., Ishii K. Regulation of purine ribonucleotide synthesis by end product inhibition. II. Effect of purine nucleotides on phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase of Bacillus subtilis. J Biochem. 1969 Aug;66(2):175–181. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a129133. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. TAKETA K., POGELL B. M. ALLOSTERIC INHIBITION OF RAT LIVER FRUCTOSE 1,6-DIPHOSPHATASE BY ADENOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE. J Biol Chem. 1965 Feb;240:651–662. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Trachewsky D., Johnstone R. M. Utilization of ammonium ions for purine precursor synthesis in soluble extracts of Ehrlich ascites cells. Can J Biochem. 1969 Sep;47(9):839–845. doi: 10.1139/o69-132. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Westby C. A., Gots J. S. Genetic blocks and unique features in the biosynthesis of 5'-phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide in Salmonella typhimurium. J Biol Chem. 1969 Apr 25;244(8):2095–2102. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Witkin S. S., Rosenberg E. Induction of morphogenesis by methionine starvation in Myxococcus xanthus: polyamine control. J Bacteriol. 1970 Sep;103(3):641–649. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.3.641-649.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Wood A. W., Seegmiller J. E. Properties of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate amidotransferase from human lymphoblasts. J Biol Chem. 1973 Jan 10;248(1):138–143. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wyngaarden J. B. Glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase. Curr Top Cell Regul. 1972;5:135–176. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152805-8.50011-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES