Table 4.
Median and inter-quartile range of cost in Indian rupees per diarrhoeal episode to the healthcare system and society
| Hospitalisations |
Emergency room |
Outpatient clinic |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CMC (n = 114) | CHAD (n = 18) | CMC (n = 90) | CHAD (n = 29) | CMC (n = 79) | CHAD (n = 7) | UHC (n = 102) | |
| Non-medical direct costs1 | 40 (13.9, 82.5) | 39.5 (19.8, 124.8) | 62.5 (28.5, 120) | 16 (8, 63) | 12.8 (4.8, 40) | 21 (0, 46.3) | 0 (0, 16) |
| Private visit cost2 | 20 (0, 88.5) | 0 (0, 41.3) | 0 (0, 130) | 0 (0, 38.5) | 0 (0, 50) | 0 (0, 75) | 0 (0, 46.3) |
| Visit cost | 1804.6 (1299.9, 2914.2) | 1342 (547, 1372.3) | 317 (264, 528) | 58 (58, 58) | 53 (53, 53) | 61 (61, 61) | 26.5 (26.5, 26.5) |
| Medication cost | 288.9 (186.7, 419.8) | 203.8 (139.9, 308.5) | 57.6 (23.7, 137.3) | 31.0 (14.2, 40.7) | 33.5 (18, 58.7) | 23.7 (9, 40.0) | 17.6 (13.1, 29.9) |
| Diagnostic cost | 790 (248.8, 1282.5) | 0 (0, 81) | 45 (0, 290) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Medical direct costs3 | 3036.2 (2093.1, 4728.6) | 1576.6 (1054.1, 1781.9) | 612.0 (365.0, 1022.8) | 98.0 (76, 182.8) | 137.0 (84.9, 243.9) | 109.7 (79, 150) | 59.9 (41.3, 98.0) |
| Health care subsidy4 | 68.3 (−147.4, 630.3) | 956.4 (518.5, 1162.3) | 113.5 (97.8, 244.2) | 21.1 (19.1, 30.9) | 4.1 (−11.7, 8.0) | 32.1 (29.0, 34.1) | 45.4 (39.7, 59.7) |
| Total direct costs5 | 3056.9 (2102.9, 4889.5) | 1648.6 (1117.5, 1905.6) | 696.5 (411.6, 1132.5) | 149.0 (97.5, 190.3) | 159.1 (107.1, 256.7) | 142.0 (80.8, 161) | 63.6 (42.3, 121.7) |
| Indirect costs (lost wages) | 0 (0, 7.2) | 0 (0, 69.8) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 76.9 (0, 200) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Societal cost6 | 3278.5 (2272.8, 5072.3) | 1648.6 (1130.7, 2050.4) | 760.3 (417.6, 1132.5) | 167 (103.4, 216.3) | 164.8 (108.2, 293.6) | 253.5 (130.7, 342.4) | 66.8 (42.4, 121.7) |
| Societal cost in US $ (Rs 40.6: 1$) | 80.8 | 40.6 | 18.7 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 6.2 | 1.6 |
CMC, Christian Medical College; CHAD, Community Health and Development Hospital; UHC, Urban Health Centre.
1
Non-medical direct cost = cost of transportation + food + hotel.
2
Private visit cost = out-of-pocket expenses incurred at an additional private clinic visit not associated with CMC, CHAD, or UHC.
3
Medical direct costs = private visit cost + visit cost + medication cost + diagnostic cost.
4
Healthcare system subsidy = medical direct cost to healthcare system – medical direct cost to patient.
5
Total direct costs = direct medical + direct non-medical costs.
6
Societal cost = indirect cost + total direct costs.