Table 2.

Variables chosen for analysis, their contextual relevance, and sources

Characteristic of Sample Women	Data Source
Enabling/Disabling	Developed from linked SEER cancer registry and 5% Medicare data, provided by the National Cancer Institute [46].
Individual disability as original reason for Medicare entitlement
Moved to a new residence in 2002–2003
Months with extra assistance from state Medicaid, 2002–2003
Distance to closest mammography facility
Predisposing
Age in 2002	Developed from linked SEER cancer registry and 5% Medicare data, provided by the National Cancer Institute [46]
Months enrolled in a Medicare HMO anytime in 2000–2001: prior period
Race or ethnicity (white, African American, Asian, Hispanic, Native American, other)
Need
Had previous cancer diagnosis, breast or other cancers
Obtained flu shot from doctor in 2002–2003
Interpersonal Factors (PCSA)	Data Source
Social Integration and Support: Isolation index describing segregation by race or ethnicity (white, African American, Asian, Hispanic, Native American, other)	Developed from U.S. Census 2000 micro data at tract and ZCTA levels.
Stressor, Driver Courtesy: Commuter intensity reflecting the proportion of the workforce in each woman's residential area commuting 60 minutes or more each way to work
Social or Cultural Cohesion: Proportion of the population in each woman's residential area immigrating into the United States between 1995–2000	Developed from U.S. Census 2000 micro data at tract and ZCTA levels.
Social or Cultural Cohesion: Proportion of the elderly in each woman's residential area with little or no English language ability
Stressor, Living Conditions: Proportion of female elderly in each woman's residential area living alone
Stressor, Living Conditions: Proportion of elderly in each woman's residential area living below the federal poverty level
Health Care System: Number of mammography facilities per thousand elderly women in each woman's residential area, 2002–2003	Derived from SEER-Medicare linked database claims files [46] and U.S. Census.
Health Care System: Number of oncologists (or nurses) per thousand elderly, 2001 (2000)	Area Resource File
Health Care System: Ratio of counts of International Medical Graduates (IMGs) to U.S.-born physicians (generalists and specialists), 2000–2001	HRSA geospatial data warehouse
Health Care System: County designated as a primary care provider shortage area in whole or part of county, 2002	Data available from HRSA
Health Care System: Medicare managed care penetration, defined as proportion of the eligible population enrolled in Medicare HMOs, 2003	Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Geographic Service Area Files
Social Context: Number of violent crimes known to police per thousand population	U.S. Department of Justice and FBI, National Archive of Criminal Justice Data
Physical Environment: Entropy index of land use mix: LANDMIX = - Σi = 1n Pi (ln Pi/ln n) Where n (5) is the number of different land use type classes in the county and Pi is the proportion of land in type i in the county	Calculated by RTI using the 2001 National Land Cover Data (NLCD)

Notes: HMO = health maintenance organization; SEER = Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results; ZCTA = ZIP Code Tabulation Area; HRSA = Health Resources and Services Administration; ARF = Area Resource File; PCSA = Primary Care Service Area