. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Clin North Am. 2008 Jun;55(3):647–xi. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2008.02.009

Table 1.

Elements of the innate and adaptive immune systems.

Innate	Adaptive

Cellular Elements	Cellular Elements
Phagocytosis	Antibody production
Monocytes/Macrophages	B cells/Plasma cells
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes	Cytotoxic killing
Dendritic cells	CD8+ T cells
Antigen presentation	Cytokine/chemokine production
Monocytes/Macrophages	CD4+ T cells
Dendritic cells	T_H1 cells (proinflammatory)
Cytotoxic killing	T_H2 cells (anti-inflammatory)
Natural killer cells	T_reg cells (anti-inflammatory)
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Cytokine/chemokine production
All of the above

Noncellular Elements	Noncellular Elements
Cytokines	Immunoglobulins
Chemokines	Cytokines
Complement	Chemokines