Table 3.
Descriptive statistics for reference (observed) and reported energy (in kilocalories) and macronutrients (in grams), and traditional accuracy statistics (paired t-tests, Pearson correlations, report rates) using conventional variables,a for each sex and each order prompt (forward, reverse)
| Reference | Reported | tb | Pearson Correlation | Report Rate Mean (SD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - - - - Mean (SD) - - - - | ||||||
| Girls (n=58) | ||||||
| Energy | Forward | 825 (251) | 577 (282) | −7.16**** | 0.51**** | 69% (5%) |
| Reverse | 803 (262) | 443 (278) | −8.42**** | 0.28* | 58% (5%) | |
| Protein | Forward | 31 (13) | 25 (13) | −4.00*** | 0.57**** | 80% (6%) |
| Reverse | 31 (13) | 20 (12) | −6.43*** | 0.41** | 71% (6%) | |
| Carbohydrate | Forward | 123 (38) | 86 (43) | −7.11**** | 0.53**** | 80% (6%) |
| Reverse | 120 (40) | 66 (44) | −8.63**** | 0.37** | 65% (6%) | |
| Fat | Forward | 26 (9) | 16 (10) | −7.23**** | 0.50**** | 65% (6%) |
| Reverse | 24 (10) | 12 (9) | −7.38**** | 0.17 | 55% (5%) | |
| Boys (n=63) | ||||||
| Energy | Forward | 915 (282) | 582 (313) | −7.22**** | 0.25 | 67% (5%) |
| Reverse | 900 (265) | 569 (341) | −7.12**** | 0.28* | 62% (5%) | |
| Protein | Forward | 36 (13) | 26 (14) | −4.82**** | 0.32* | 82% (6%) |
| Reverse | 36 (13) | 25 (14) | −5.33**** | 0.19 | 73% (6%) | |
| Carbohydrate | Forward | 138 (45) | 86 (49) | −7.06**** | 0.21 | 73% (6%) |
| Reverse | 137 (44) | 85 (53) | −7.19**** | 0.28* | 72% (6%) | |
| Fat | Forward | 26 (11) | 16 (10) | −7.07**** | 0.42*** | 67% (5%) |
| Reverse | 25 (8) | 16 (11) | −6.93**** | 0.40** | 62% (5%) | |
a
Conventional variables are indifferent to reporting errors which include intrusions and their overreported amounts, and over-reported amounts from matches.
b
Paired t-tests compared the mean reported minus reference values to 0.
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.01
***
p<0.001
****
p<0.0001
All p values are two-tailed.