Table 4.
Least squares means (and standard errors) for reporting-error-sensitive variablesa (correspondence rates and inflation ratios) for energy and macronutrients for each sex and each order prompt (forward, reverse) (n = 58 girls and 63 boys)
| Correspondence Rateb | Inflation Ratioc | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls and Boys | ||
| Energy | Forward | 45% (3%) | 39% (3%) | 26% (4%) | 31% (3%) | 29% (3%) |
| Reverse | 36% (3%) | 45% (3%) | 22% (4%) | 20% (3%) | 21% (3%) | |
| F=4.89, p=0.028 | F=4.90, p=0.028 | |||||
| Protein | Forward | 54% (4%) | 46% (4%) | 29% (5%) | 40% (5%) | 35% (4%) |
| Reverse | 42% (4%) | 53% (4%) | 30% (5%) | 21% (5%) | 25% (4%) | |
| F=6.02, p=0.015 | F=3.13, p=0.078 | |||||
| Carbohydrate | Forward | 43% (3%) | 38% (3%) | 29% (4%) | 31% (4%) | 30% (3%) |
| Reverse | 35% (3%) | 43% (3%) | 23% (4%) | 21% (4%) | 22% (3%) | |
| F=4.21, p=0.041 | F=4.27, p=0.040 | |||||
| Fat | Forward | 46% (4%) | 38% (4%) | 22% (4%) | 32% (4%) | 27% (3%) |
| Reverse | 36% (4%) | 45% (4%) | 20% (4%) | 17% (4%) | 18% (3%) | |
| F=4.27, p=0.040 | F=4.08, p=0.045 | |||||
Reporting-error-sensitive variables are sensitive to reporting errors and therefore better represent reporting accuracy.
Correspondence rates (defined in Table 1) were significantly better for girls with forward-order prompts but for boys with reverse-order prompts; F values are for tests of interaction of sex and order prompt from mixed models.
Inflation ratios (defined in Table 1) were significantly worse with forward- than reverse-order prompts for energy, carbohydrate, and fat (but not protein, although the pattern was similar); F values are for tests of main effect of order prompt from mixed models. Least squares means and standard errors are provided for girls and boys separately by order prompt for descriptive purposes only.
All p values are two-tailed.