Table I.
Centre | Year of study | Age (yr) | Testing method | Samples | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tested | Positive | |||||
n | n | % | ||||
North India: | ||||||
Chandigarh16 | 1982 - 1985 | <5 | ELISA | 694 | 111 | 15.9 |
Delhi17 | 1987 - 1989 | <5 | ELISA | 978 | 176 | 18.0 |
Delhi18 | 1987 - 1988 | <5 | ELISA | 288 | 44 | 15.3 |
Delhi19 | 1988 - 1990 | <5 | ELISA | 990 | 104 | 10.5 |
Delhi20 | 1989 - 1990 | <3 | Immunodot | 400 | 23 | 6.0 |
Delhi21 | 1990 - 1991 | <5 | ELISA/PAGE | 450 | 60 | 13.3 |
Delhi22 | 1990 | <5 | ELISA | 157 | 71 | 45.0 |
Delhi23 | 1998 - 2000 | <5 | ELISA/PAGE | 1172 | 158 | 13.5 |
Delhi24 | 2000 - 2001 | <5 | ELISA | 584 | 137 | 23.5 |
Delhi25 | 1998 - 2000 | <3 | ELISA/PAGE | 560 | 100 | 17.8 |
North India26 | NK | NK | ELISA | 172 | 32 | 19.0 |
Western India: | ||||||
Bombay27 | 1984 - 1986 | NK | LA /EM / ELISA | 273 | 63 | 21.0 |
Pune28 | 1990 - 1993 | children | ELISA | 722 | 188 | 26.0 |
Pune29 | 1992 - 1996 | <5 | ELISA | 945 | 266 | 28.2 |
Eastern India: | ||||||
Dibrugarh30 | 1999 - 2000 | <5 | ELISA | 202 | 47 | 23.3 |
South India: | ||||||
Bangalore31 | 1988 - 1994 | NK | PAGE | 694 | 150 | 21.6 |
Chennai32 | 1997 - 1999 | 0 - 2, >2 | ELISA | 245 | 51 | 20.8 |
Chennai33 | 1995 - 1999 | <3 | ELISA | 745 | 168 | 22.6 |
Hyderabad34 | 1998 - 1999 | <2 | PAGE | 352 | 57 | 16.2 |
Manipal35 | NK | <5 | LA | 106 | 19 | 18 |
Mysore31 | 1993 - 1994 | NK | PAGE | 447 | 50 | 11.2 |
Tirupati36 | 1991 | <2 | ELISA | 170 | 40 | 23.5 |
Vellore37 | 1995 - 1998 | <5 | ELISA / LA | 602 | 126 | 20.9 |
Vellore38 | 2002 - 2004 | <5 | ELISA/ LA | 343 | 94 | 27.1 |
Multiple**: | ||||||
Multiple 139 | 1993 | 6m to <5 | ELISA | 458 | 63 | 13.7 |
Multiple 240 | 1996 - 1998 | <5 | ELISA | 1502 | 313 | 20.8 |
Multiple 341 | 1998 - 1999 | <5 | LA /EM / ELISA | 365 | 82 | 22.5 |
Multiple 442@ | 1998 - 2000 | <4 | PAGE | 406 | 141 | 34.7 |
Multiple 543# | 2001 | <4/all# | PAGE | 454 | 161 | 35.4 |
Total | 15476 | 3095 |
NK, not known
<4/all: Samples collected from two groups: children <4 yr, patients of all age groups
LA, latex agglutination; EM, electron microscopy; PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
Multiple studies in which samples were collected from more than one city.
Multiple 1: Shimla, Lucknow, Bhopal, Nagpur, Davengere
Multiple 2: Shimla, Lucknow, Bhopal, Nagpur, Davengere, Delhi, Hyderabad
Multiple 3: Vellore, Mysore, Jalandhar, Yamunagar
Multiple 4: Kolkata, Imphal, @ Data on disease burden from Kolkata only
Multiple 5: Kolkata, Dibrugarh, Bhuvaneshwar, Chandigarh