Table 1.
List of genes related to colon cancer with altered expression levels after treatment with chokeberry juice
| Accession number | Gene name | Gene symbol | Affyxa | RT-PCRa | Biological process involved in |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NM_001712 | Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 | CEACAM1 | +2.1 | +2.6 | Reduced expression is a major event in colorectal cancer. Tumor suppressor involved in cell–cell adhesion that regulates apoptosis in colon epithelium |
| BC000478 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 9B (mortalin 2) | HSPA9B | −2.0 | n.d. | Control of cell proliferation and cellular aging. Over-expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma |
| NM_022975 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 | FGFR2 | −4.6 | −1.8 | Receptor for fibroblast growth factor implicated in tumor growth and invasion (colon carcinoma) |
| NM_001200 | Bone morphogenetic protein 2 | BMP2 | +1.6 | +2.4 | Belongs to the transforming growth factor β family. It acts as tumor suppressor promoting apoptosis in mature colonic epithelial cells and inhibiting proliferation |
| NM_005228 | Epidermal growth factor receptor | EGFR | +1.8 | n.d. | Receptor of the EGF family members. Involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation of colon cancer |
| NM_002823 | Prothymosin, alpha (gene sequence 28) | PTMA | −1.8 | n.d. | Nuclear protein involved in cell proliferation. Highly expressed in human colorectal cancer |
| NM_005242 | Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1 | F2RL1 | +2.0 | n.d. | Protease activated receptor involved in the control proliferation in colon cancer. Transmembrane receptor coupled to G protein |
| D13889 | Inhibitor of DNA binding 1, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein | ID1 | −1.7 | n.d. | Involved in cell growth regulation and tumorigenesis. Up-regulated in colorectal cancer |
| NM_002624 | Prefoldin 5 | PFDN5 | −1.6 | n.d. | Chaperone protein. It may target actin and tubulin. It represses transcritption of c-myc and it is related to colon cancer |
| NM_002961 | S100 calcium binding protein A4 (metastasin) | S100A4 | −2.5 | −1.9 | Associated with metastatic capacity of cancer cells. May function in motility, invasion and tubulin polymerisation. Significant pronostic marker of colorectal carcinoma |
| NM_000900 | Matrix Gla protein | MGP | +1.9 | n.d. | Extracellular matrix protein. It may be involved in cell differentiation and tumor progression. It is downregulated in colorectal cancer |
| NM_002203 | Integrin, alpha 2 (CD49B, alpha 2 subunit of VLA-2 receptor) | ITGA2 | +3.0 | +2.6 | Cell-surface protein that participates in cell adhesion (hemidesmosomes). Role in cell proliferation and migration. Involved in colorectal cancer |
| NM_004949 | Desmocollin 2 | DSC2 | −1.8 | n.d. | Required for cell adhesion and desmosome formation. May be involved in colorectal carcinoma metastasis |
| AJ224869 | Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 | CXCR4 | +1.7 | n.d. | G-protein coupled receptor. May play a role in colon cancer and metastasis |
| NM_002184 | Interleukin 6 signal transducer (oncostatin M receptor) | IL6ST | +3.0 | −1.2 | Part of the cytokine receptor complex linked to signal transduction. May be involved in cell growth and proliferation. Expressed in colorectal cancer |
| NM_000846 | Glutathione S-transferase A2 | GSTA2 | −1.7 | n.d. | Detoxification of electrophilic compounds by conjugation with glutathione. Overexpression in colon cancer cells protects against cell cycle arrest and apoptosis |
n.d. not determined
aFold up-/down-regulation